Lint report · stored run

Medical Causal Hypothesis Verification with Large Language Models

Safiyyah Ahmed, Abrar Ansari, Md Aminul Islam, Elena Zheleva open the source paper via the report id, not the extraction source: pdf IR v1.0 generated 2026-09-14 04:14:58 UTC
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0errors
0warnings
0info
24claims read
192numbers extracted
8references
How well we read this paper 1 observation

These are notes about our reading of the paper, not about the paper. They affect how much weight the findings below can carry.

Note 1
  • compile-warning semantic extraction: dropped 4 items whose quote was not found in the paper
Some checks could not run
  • RL002 reported nothing, and it could not reach OpenAlex — so its silence here is not evidence that this paper is clean.
  • RL003 reported nothing, and it could not reach OpenAlex — so its silence here is not evidence that this paper is clean.

Everything else on this page was computed from the paper itself and is unaffected. This is a limit of this run, not a finding about the paper.

Compiler extraction log (1)
semantic extraction: dropped 4 items whose quote was not found in the paper

No findings on this paper.

That is a result, not a failure. The compiler read the paper without errors, and no rule found something it could prove with evidence — this product would rather say nothing than say something vague.

Read the extraction notes above before taking this as a clean bill of health: they say which checks were working with incomplete information.

Rule notes (23)
RL001 funnel arithmetic: sentences_with_from=5 endpoint_pairs=1 claims_compared=0 emitted=0 [dropped: not-a-measurement=0]
RL001 funnel delta-column: structured_tables=2 with_exactly_one_delta_column=0 rows_checked=0 emitted=0
RL001 funnel cross-location: quant=192 prose=68 prose_with_metric=55 prose_with_dataset=0 prose_with_metric_and_dataset=0 distinct_buckets=0 emitted=0 [dropped: not-a-measurement=0 not-in-quote=41]
RL001 funnel identifier-drift: settings_checked=2 sections_stating_one_value=0 emitted=0
RL002 citation entailment: attempted 5 of 5 ranked cited claims (15 in-text markers from 8 bibliography entries); 3 cited works could not be identified, 2 had no retrievable text, 0 model quotes failed verbatim verification, 0 were topically unrelated to the retrieved text.
RL002 candidate ranking (why the top 5 were chosen): [8] [introduction, absolutist wording, title/sentence overlap near zero, no DOI/arXiv id]; [3] [introduction, absolutist wording, no DOI/arXiv id]; [2] [introduction, absolutist wording, no DOI/arXiv id]; [4] [introduction, no DOI/arXiv id]; [6] [experiment, names an artefact (Label Studio), no DOI/arXiv id]
RL002 attribution check (case B): 1 candidates name an artefact, 1 of them made the top-N and were checked against their cited source
RL002: 1 citations skipped because the sentence reports this paper's own results (the citation there is a comparison pointer, not evidence for the sentence)
RL002: 1 markers skipped because the claim is jointly attributed to several works
RL002: 3 cited works unresolvable (first 3: [{"key": "[8]", "title": "Causal parrots: Large language models may talk causality but are not causal", "why": "no work record matched the bibliography title"}, {"key": "[3]", "title": "Causal reasoning and large language models: Opening a new frontier for causality", "why": "no work record matched the bibliography title"}, {"key": "[6]", "title": "Label Studio: Data labeling software", "why": "no)
RL003: 2 queries -> 149 unique works (arXiv search 99, category listings 0, scholarly graph 50 [crossref 50], 0 graph works matched to an arXiv id); source errors during retrieval: arXiv 0, graph 0
RL003: parsed the reference list of 0/0 comparable papers (0 unreadable) — that is the PeerUsage denominator
RL003: could read the reference list of only 0 comparable papers (need 4) — peer usage unavailable, no findings
RL004 funnel: components=7 contribution_backed=2 candidates=0 ablations_found=0 matched_by_ablation=0 unmatched=0 experiments=6
RL004 component M1 'Evaluation framework for causal hypothesis verification': excluded:is-the-whole-method
RL004 component M2 'Standardized prompt template': excluded:evaluation-infrastructure-or-packaging
RL004 component M3 'Automated pipeline for collecting and parsing LLM responses': excluded:not-a-claimed-contribution
RL004 component M4 'Human annotation of hypothesis and supporting evidence': excluded:not-a-claimed-contribution
RL004 component M5 'Evaluation metrics for hypothesis classification and evidence grounding': excluded:not-a-claimed-contribution
RL004 component M6 'Label Studio': excluded:not-a-claimed-contribution
RL004 component M7 '17 causal hypotheses validated by four expert clinicians': excluded:not-a-claimed-contribution
RL004 funnel: ranked=0 emitted=0 suppressed_by_cap=0 dropped_unverified_quote=0
RL005: repo https://github.com/HumanSignal/label-studio unusable (stopped early after 400 files / 2071188 bytes)
Reading the report as data

This page is a rendering of the report the pipeline wrote. The JSON below is the stored artefact, unedited — the same document research-lint --format json produces.

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